Analysis Of The Movie The Rye - 1120 Words

Catcher in the Rye was a phenomenal work of literature. The novel has been able to withstand the test of time without ever making it to the big screen. Present day with a movie of the bestselling novel is coming soon, every detail must amaze the avid reader of the book. This includes, lighting, a flawless director, a cluster of A-list actors, outstanding scenery, and last but certainly not least, a soundtrack that will knock the viewer of the movie into a sense of amazement. A soundtrack can completely devastate a movie. If there is a scene where a character in the scene is crying because they lost their friend, it would definitely be strange if music in the background was â€Å"Can’t Touch This† by M.C. Hammer. Soundtracks tell the audience what to feel whether it would be fear or excitement. With a soundtrack playing a critical position in a movie, the songs that have been chosen have transcended more than just the scenes they are played in, and turned into the embodi ment of some of the major themes in the movie. A great selection for the opening song would be a song by Chance the Rapper called â€Å"Finish Line†. In this song, Chance the Rapper appears to just spout sentences that just come to head like the stream of consciousness like Holden. When Holden goes on his particular tangents he usually is trying to get to a specific point, a finish line. Coincidentally, Holden during the entire book has been trying to come to some â€Å"finish line†. With this song as the opening, itShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie The Catcher Of The Rye 1549 Words   |  7 PagesYana Gevorgyan Elliott English Literature AP 5 30 October 2015 The Catcher in the Rye As a timeless work, JD Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye continues to serve as a voice of the special snowflake syndrome of the younger generation. As a comparative reflection of the issues facing Holden’s generation, specifically the struggles faced by those who do not conform to society in a time when it was the norm, the novel is an intriguing and accurate portrayal of a young man’s struggle to stay true to himselfRead MoreHigh Places Studio a Solution1034 Words   |  5 PagesSTUDIO (A) Reputation damage not considered Cumm HBO Profit $ 000,000 Probability ≠¤x 0 0% 3 100% Movie Profit $ 000,000 0 Cumm Probability ≠¤x % 0 -$30m E 0.4 Not on Schedule Associated Probability Stop Production (A) 0.75*$60m = -$45m 28% Continue Production (B) $30m - $60m = -$30m 28% $3.9m B 0.3 Disappointment 0.7 Morgan Directs (C) $35m -$60m = -$25m 13% -30 28 $3.48m D Produce Movie $26.5m A 0.6 On Schedule 0.2 Blockbuster (D) $180m-$60m = $120m 8% -25 41 0.5 Hit (E) $80m-$60mRead MoreThe Catcher in the Rye by J.D Sallinger, Questions and Answers1611 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent parts of their unit plan. â€Å"Mr.’M’s† class was just beginning their unit plan on the novel The Catcher in the Rye while â€Å"Mrs. L’s† class was finishing up their unit plan on the novel The Scarlett Letter. Both classrooms had different, specific learning goals, activities, and assessments. â€Å"Mr. M’s† lesson was meant to introduce students to the novel The Catcher in the Rye and get them to start working on their culminating journal project. One learning goal for the lesson can be found inRead MoreHolden Caulfield Character Analysis Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pages In â€Å"The Catcher in the Rye† by J.D. Salinger, the main character Holden Caulfield is a nervous and unhappy dropout. After being kicked out of his prestigious high school, he goes to New York City and roams the streets for three days searching for both innocence and adulthood. While he holds a hatred for â€Å"phonies†, people he sees as fakes or cheats, he himself can be portrayed as a phony. Holden admires certain qualities in a person. He likes people who are honest, intelligent and open. He alsoRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of The Catcher Rye 1763 Words   |  8 PagesCarla Campbell Campbell 1 English 150 Whetstine Literary Analysis The Catcher in the Rye Catcher in the Rye starts with the main character Holden Caulfield telling us about his life. It seems that Holden is a very troubled individual that is having problems dealing with the past and perhaps the prospect of growing up. He wants to talk but not sure anyone cares to listen. He eludesRead MoreThe Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Employee Turnover Rate2093 Words   |  9 Pages and Yang 2012). Lanham, Rye, Rimsky, and Weill (2012) conducted a study on how gratitude relates to burnout and job satisfaction in mental health professionals. Sixty-five mental health professionals including; counselors, case managers, clinical administrators/supervisors, employment/housing specialists, social workers, and psychologists completed questionnaires assessing demographics, job context variables, hope, gratitude, burnout, and job satisfaction. Lanham, Rye, Rimsky and Weill (2012) statedRead MoreThe Modern Entertainment Industry1776 Words   |  8 Pageswhen they were only eight months old. In an article by Gary Michael Smith titled â€Å"Child Actors† he pens, Many parents would like to have their children become movie stars, in pursuit of a future of fame and glory, or to help them realize their own lost dreams. But in some cases, a parent may just want to have the child be an extra in a movie just for the fun of it and to give them experience in handling their own money. All parents have certain hopes and expectations for their children, however theRead MoreEssay about The Change of Bond Girls2138 Words   |  9 Pagesable to perform close textual analysis of the 20 Bond films and was clear of the information I had to retrieve which would be useful for my project. I took notes on four main themes regarding; Bonds relationship and treatment of the women, the roles of the women in the film (how key they were to the plot), and the social depiction and life of their character in the film and their sexual relationship with Bond. Through textual analysis I discovered that in three of theRead MoreBuzz Marketing4625 Words   |  19 Pagesinstances where by companies have been successful in encouraging the Buzz amongst its consumers. Dye speaks of the myths surrounding Buzz Marketing, by questioning that â€Å"Buzz just happens† (Dye, 2000, pg 142). To counter Littman’s buzz philosophy, Rye suggests, â€Å"buzz is increasingly the result of shrewd marketing tactics in which companies seed a vanguard group, ration supplies, use celebrations to generate buzz, leverage the power of lists and initiate grassroots marketing.† Dye’s suggestion highlightsRead MoreEssay on The Need for Brutality in A Clockwork Orange 4668 Words   |  19 Pageson-stage violence, propelled the flick into an intense storm of controversy (Burgess, A Clockwork Orange: A play with music). The movie was pulled from British theaters in the early seventies and is still illegal, in any form, in the United Kingdom (Contemporary Authors 491). In addition, ripples from the film tarnished the novels popular image. On account of the movie, some readers regard the book as a flip testimonial on behalf of mindless, juvenile violence (Edelheit 126), and Burgess is dubbed

migrant workers in UK Free Essays

Introduction There has been a big addition in the figure of migratory workers in the UK in recent old ages ( McKay, Craw A ; Chopra, 2006 ) . These additions have been spurred on by globalization, the spreads opening in the UK labor market and legislative alterations that provide many and varied methods for coming to the UK. While many migratory workers move into extremely skilled occupations, there are besides a important figure who carry out low-paid, low-skilled occupations in the UK. We will write a custom essay sample on migrant workers in UK or any similar topic only for you Order Now The wage and conditions in these occupations has become the focal point of much involvement, particularly in the aftermath of the flooring deceases of 23 migratory workers reaping cockles at Morecambe Bay. This essay, hence, critically examines the history of migration and current policies, the ways in which migratory workers have been exploited, wellness and safety hazards they face and legal protections that have been put in topographic point. History of migration and migration policies The history of migration into and out of the UK is good established ( Sriskandarajah A ; Drew, 2006 ) . In the past the consequence of this motion has been that people have by and large left the state: normally heading for Australia, New Zealand Canada. Then, more late, people progressively moved out of the UK to Spain and France. It was n’t until the eightiess that the UK became a state which had a net inflow of migrators ( Sriskandarajah, Cooley A ; Kornblatt, 2007 ) . Net in-migration reached its highpoint in the UK in 2004 at 222,600 ; a twelvemonth subsequently it fell back by around 40,000. There were a figure of histrions that caused this alteration. Dobson et Al. ( 2001 ) explain that one ground for this alteration to net in-migration was that the extremely skilled could command better rewards and obtain an improved life style in the UK. In add-on there was besides a big addition in the figure of refuge applications at this clip ( Home Office 2006 ) . Further, with t he add-on of new member provinces to the EU, there was increasing migration with 605,375 people successfully registering to work in the UK from these new member provinces ( Home Office, 2007 ) . Despite the net in-migration to the UK, many do non mean to remain for good. Spencer, Ruhs, Anderson and Rogaly ( 2007 ) found that merely one-fourth of those immigrating from East and Central Europe intended to remain for good. Others once more, can be considered irregular migrators. These are people who have come to the UK without the right authorization. Pinkerton, McLaughlan and Salt ( 2004 ) estimation at that place could hold been every bit many as 430,000 illegal immigrants in the UK in 2001. This figure has been questioned, nevertheless, by Dorling ( 2007 ) who suggests this figure might falsely include US military forces stationed here, and others, thereby unnaturally blow uping the Numberss. Whatever the true degree of migrators in the UK, both legal and illegal, there have been clear alterations in in-migration policies over the last few decennaries. Laws sing migration into the UK have besides changed quickly and a big assortment of different ways of come ining the UK have been developed ( Dench, Hurstfield, Hill A ; Akroyd, 2006 ) . A recent Home Office study finds that there about 50 different methods for people migrating to the UK for both work and survey ( Home Office, 2005 ) . Five strategies are identified as peculiarly of import by Dench et Al. ( 2006 ) . The first of these is the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Scheme ( SAWS ) . This was introduced to let workers populating outside the European Economic Area ( EEA ) to work in the UK transporting out seasonal work in the agricultural industry. Under this strategy 16,250 people each twelvemonth who are over the age of 18 and in full-time instruction are allowed to come in the UK for a period of six months to tran sport out chiefly unskilled work. This includes picking and wadding of harvests and the handling of farm animal. The ordinances allow that workers may travel employers in that period to take into history the variableness in the crop. Workers are supposed to be paid the lower limit pay and supply adjustment, for which they are allowed to bear down amp ; lb ; 27 a hebdomad. A 2nd strategy is the Worker Registration Scheme ( WRS ) which applies to people from the eight Accession States ( those that have merely joined the EU ) . In order to forestall mass in-migration and the immediate claiming of benefits, workers traveling to the UK are required to register, and merely one time they have worked without a interruption for 12 months are they entitled to full benefits and other rights. A 3rd strategy is the Sectors Based Scheme ( SBS ) which is designed to let workers to come in the UK to make a insouciant or short-run occupation. This lone applies to two peculiar sectors: nutrient fabrication and cordial reception although it has since been withdrawn from cordial reception because of maltreatment ( Home Office, 2005 ) . A 3rd strategy is the Highly Skilled Migrant Programme ( HSMP ) which is designed to let extremely skilled workers to come in the UK. The Home Office ( 2005 ) study provinces that many migrators come ining the UK under this strategy are ph ysicians or are working in the country of wellness. A 5th class, and the largest method of entry, is through concern and commercial work licenses. Broadly, this allows companies to enroll from outside the UK if they are unable to make full a place with a UK national, or it allows them to travel persons between states within the same company. Motivations for migration At the highest degree of analysis one of the chief grounds for in-migration is globalization. Globalization refers to a figure of forces which includes the increased connexions between cognition Centres, easier entree to communications, easier and cheaper travel and an increased flow of labor ( Somerville, 2007 ) . By and large, so, there is much greater integrating across big economic countries such as Europe. It has been argued that one of the specifying marks of globalization is in-migration ( Castles A ; Miller, 2003 ) . Somerville ( 2007 ) argues, hence, that one of the major factors at the bosom of globalization and so migration is economic sciences. As economic force per unit areas change in the UK, so make the types of occupations for which in-migration occurs. Salt and Millar ( 2006 ) show that in 2005 the industry in which most work licenses were issued was wellness and medical services ( 26.1 % ) . This was followed by computing machine services and direction and concern disposal ( 18.1 % and 11.8 % severally ) . Migrants are, hence, clearly reacting to the peculiar demands that the UK economic system nowadayss to them more readily than those already in the UK. This consequence has been amplified by the fact that the UK has seen a period of uninterrupted growing of the economic system from the mid-1990s until recent old ages. Therefore there are considerable macroeconomic effects impacting the increased degrees of migration into the UK. These types of findings are besides reflected in tantamount microeconomic phenomena. Blauw ( 2002 ) has examined the grounds why employers have a inclination to utilize migratory workers. Blauw ( 2002 ) found that while employers tended to look foremost in the UK labor market, if they could n’t make full the places they had available they began their hunt amongst migratory workers. Research carried out in Northern Ireland by Bell, Jarman and Lefebvre ( 2004 ) found that migrators were required in peculiar to make full both skilled and unskilled spreads in the labor market. It has besides been found that migratory workers are frequently seen by employers as being A ; lsquo ; better workers ‘ . Reed ( 2005 ) , for illustration, investigated migratory workers in the nutrient fabrication industry. It was found that the usage of migratory workers had decreased the sum of illness leave every bit good as the turnover of employees. Many of these findings were backed up by research into employers of migratory workers by Dench et Al. ( 2006 ) . They besides found that in the agricultural industry domestic workers merely did non use for the occupations that required filling, while in the hotels and providing industry domestic workers were non prepared to work the flexible hours that were required for the occupation. Dench et Al. ( 2006 ) points out that it is natural to presume that possibly employers were non seeking really hard to make full their occupations with domestic workers, given that migratory workers often provide cheaper labor. This thought, though, was strongly denied by employers who claimed that they had made extended attempts to enroll domestic workers, but without success. Some employers in the agricultural sector reported that when they tried to enroll from the Jobcentre, possible employees would come for an interview merely so that they could turn out they had been for an interview, so that coul d claim benefits. Other employers in the same sector explained that domestic workers would frequently discontinue after merely a few yearss ‘ work. On the other manus migratory workers frequently worked difficult and stayed in the occupation. Some similar consequences were seen in the hotels and providing sector. The attack to their work that domestic workers showed was really low compared to the dedication that migratory workers displayed. The sum of accomplishment required for the occupation was besides an of import factor for employers ( Dench et al. , 2006 ) . A good illustration was in the building industry where employers particularly valued Polish workers who were extremely motivated and could make full the spread in accomplishments that were seen in the industry. A similar image in relation to accomplishments was besides seen in other industries. In the Finance and Accountancy sector employers complained that they could n’t acquire workers with the right makings. As a consequence they had bureaus who would seek globally for the right campaigners. Overall, though, employers understood that the ground that they recruited migrators was that the same sum of money meant more to them than it did to domestic workers. Of class non all employers accepted migratory labor, some said they were diffident precisely what criterions foreign workers were trained up to, and others thought that their deficiency of eloquence in English was a job ( Dench et al. , 2006 ) . Despite this, many employers saw considerable advantages in using migratory workers. Migrant workers were much more dependable and likely to demo up for work than domestic workers – some employers even had to remind workers to take their one-year vacation. Employers besides saw much lower degrees of turnover with migratory workers. This was likely influenced by the fact that those registered on the WRS have to reregister if they move their employer. Further, employers reported that migratory workers were much more hard-working than domestic workers. This meant they were frequently prepared to work longer hours and were enthusiastic about making overtime. Although non mentioned by many employers it was besides clearly a factor that migr atory workers were more likely to be satisfied working for the lower limit pay than domestic workers. Similar findings for why migratory workers are employed are besides revealed by McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) . There are besides considerable inducements from the migratory workers ‘ positions to come to the UK for work. Unsurprisingly one of the chief motives is the handiness of work and the deficiency of work in their state of beginning. Research conducted by Norfolk County Council and YMCA Norfolk ( 2005 ) found migratory workers were chiefly motivated by the comparatively high rates of wage in the UK compared to their state of beginning. Many were peculiarly interested in larning English, particularly those who were from states that had late joined the EU. Exploitation of migratory workers The motivations for migration in footings of globalization and its specific effects on the labor market clearly set up a state of affairs in which development is a possibility. A recent Trades Union Congress ( 2007a ) study looked at whether migration hurts migrators. They conclude that despite the advantages for employers and the immediate advantages perceived by some migratory workers, there are besides important jobs faced both at the macro- and microlevels. The World Bank ( 2005 ) , for illustration, has examined the effects on world-wide economic sciences of the international flow of labor. This finds that migratory workers themselves are surely better off working outside their ain state, nevertheless, migrators who stay in the same state really do worse over the long-run. Looking more specifically at the state of affairs in the UK, though, reveals a much more assorted image about the inquiry of migratory workers. A assortment of surveies have attempted to look at the existent on the job conditions of migratory workers. A study from the Health and Safety Executive has looked closely at the types of hazards to which migratory workers are exposed in the workplace ( McKay et al. , 2006 ) . These writers point out that some old grounds suggests that migratory workers face important degrees of development in the workplace. Lawrence ( 2004 ) , for illustration, has pointed to how the nutrient industry has used migratory workers in order to drive down costs and increase productiveness. There have besides been a series of high profile instances in which migratory workers have been injured at work. In the worst of these at Morecambe Bay in 2004, 23 Chinese workers lost their lives while picking cockles when they were caught in lifting tides. Evidence from the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) , though, suggests the maltreatments of migratory workers are more systematic. They provide grounds from a figure of different sectors about the conditions under which migratory workers are employed. In the attention place sector it has been found that many well-qualified workers from other states, such as nurses, have been promised work of a similar degree in the UK but end up in places that are significantly below their degree, such as transporting out cleansing or other humble undertakings. Employers will besides often keep onto the migratory worker ‘s passport so as to be able to intimidate them. As a consequence of this kind of bullying, many migratory workers report happening it hard to do any sort of ailment against their employer as they are reliant on the money earned to direct back place to their households. Consequently there is improbable to be any alteration in the migratory workers ‘ place. Within the cleansing sector, the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) study that there are a figure of ways that migrant workers have been exploited. They report on migratory workers who have been recruited to clean motorway service Stationss for A ; lb ; 600 a month, of which A ; lb ; 200 is deducted for life costs of a shared room in a house. These workers did non have a contract of employment, a National Insurance figure or a payslip. The Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) besides study on the enlisting of foreign subjects at universities in the UK who are given cleaning occupations after being told they will be paid in arrears – so they are merely non paid at all. Within the cordial reception sector more maltreatments have been seen. Again, the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) study that workers are hired for cleansing or working in eating houses but are non given National Insurance Numberss, or contracts, and are paid below the National Minimum Wage. In the agricultural industry, the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) study that migratory workers negotiate with A ; lsquo ; gangmasters ‘ who present themselves as employment bureaus. Workers often face really hapless adjustment as portion of the understanding for which they pay comparatively high rates from their rewards sing the adjustment provided. The Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) have received ailments on a figure of common subjects. These include really low rates of wage, no proviso of payslips, non-payment of National Insurance parts, really hapless adjustment that is frequently overcrowded and the hazard of dismissal from the occupation without traveling through the proper processs. The findings of the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) were besides echoed by Dench et al. , ( 2006 ) . These writers found studies of many of the same jobs, every bit good as narratives that some gangmasters in East Anglia were merely paying migratory workers A ; lb ; 1 per hr. This was done lawfully be paying the minimal pay but so claiming back a immense proportion for adjustment. Migrant workers are non merely taken advantage of by employers. There are studies of some people bear downing migrators for the privilege of happening them adjustment and work. Sing the studies from the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) and other anecdotal grounds, it seems likely that migratory workers ‘ wellbeing would be significantly affected by their on the job conditions. Shields and Price ( 2003 ) examined the psychosocial wellbeing of migratory workers in the UK in relation to different labour market results. They found, possibly unsurprisingly given the grounds reviewed so far, that the wellne ss of the severely treated migratory workers is peculiarly hapless. In add-on they have significantly lower degrees of psychological wellbeing. Health and safety hazards of migrators Sing the many reported disadvantages which migrant workers face in the workplace, it is utile to analyze the hazards to which they are exposed. McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) carried out a survey of 200 migratory workers who were interviewed across five different countries in both England and Wales. One of the purposes of the survey was to measure whether migratory workers were placed at any greater hazard than other workers who were of domestic beginning. McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) point out that one of the cardinal issues in wellness and safety is the proviso of preparation. One-third of those who were interviewed in this survey indicated that they had non received any preparation. There was, nevertheless, a considerable difference depending on the sector in which people worked. Those who worked in the populace sector were significantly more likely to have preparation than those who worked elsewhere. It was thought that private sector employers ‘ attitudes were that one time migratory work ers had obtained enfranchisement they would go forth for better occupations. Clearly one of the jobs in preparation is linguistic communication. Shellekens and Smith ( 2004 ) found that communicating was made peculiarly hard through the usage of slang and proficient footings. Some employers did supply instructions in different linguistic communications but these interlingual renditions were non ever dependable, or were faithfully read by migratory workers. Training was besides limited in the sense that while there was sometimes induction preparation, there was improbable to be any on-going preparation. There was besides considerable confusion about who was responsible for supplying the wellness and safety preparation in the first topographic point. For illustration in instances where migratory workers were employed by an bureau, respondents to the research were ill-defined whose duty the preparation was. Overall McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) argue that migratory workers are likely to be at a disadvantage in footings of equal preparation in their occupations compared to other workers. Consequently it is apprehensible that around half of the migratory workers McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) interviewed had no cognition of wellness and safety processs in their workplace. In footings of equipment there was some confusion uncovered in the survey about whether equal protection was provided – migratory workers frequently claimed they were n’t given full equipment while employers claimed they did supply it. A similar degree of contradictory messages was received when migratory workers and employers were asked about the figure of accidents that occurred in the workplace. A one-fourth of migratory worker respondents indicated that they had suffered or witnessed an accident – a comparatively high proportion ( McKay et al. , 2006 ) . Many besides said that accident were non reported for fright of jeopardizing their occupations. On the other manus, employers stated that accidents were rare and that all accidents, even the most minor, were reported and recorded. Employers did state, though, that they knew migratory workers were brought up in a civilization of incrimination and so would be improbable to describe accidents. Despite the confusing image, McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) conclude that degrees of accidents are likely higher amongst migratory workers. This is partially due to the fact that employers who agreed to be interviewed were likely more likely to hold good processs in topographi c point along with the fact that migratory workers who have experienced jobs are besides more likely to come frontward for the interviews. This might partially explicate the spread in coverage. The general public assistance of workers was besides examined by McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) who looked at the temperature of working conditions, the interruptions, noise and chemicals. They found, once more, that there was confusion over interruptions with employers by and large stating that interruptions were allowed, while migratory workers stating that they frequently were n’t – or at least that their wage was docked if they did take a interruption. Similar differences were seen on the inquiry of temperature – many migratory workers worked in the extremes of temperature. For noise and chemicals there were few differences seen between migrator and other workers. Other types of ailments about working confirmed the findings of the Citizens Advice Bureau ( 2004 ) study: that migrant workers work long hours and frequently did non hold written footings of employment. As a consequence of these findings the Trades Union Congress ( 2007b ) have made a figure of recommendations to better the on the job conditions of migratory workers. They argue that all accidents should be reported, that there should be sufficient proviso of first assistance and public assistance, that the right protective equipment should be provided along with equal preparation and information. This preparation and information should be accessible and hence translated into the relevant linguistic communication should this be required. Finally the TUC recommends that migratory workers should fall in a trade brotherhood so as proper support and administration can be provided. Legal protection for migratory workers Since migratory workers are so susceptible to exploitation it is natural to inquire what legal protection is in topographic point to better their on the job conditions. Since, as McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) point out, migratory workers are amongst the most vulnerable, they surely require excess protection. One peculiar job identified by McKay et Al. ( 2006 ) is the behavior of some A ; lsquo ; gangmasters ‘ and how it has been addressed by excess legal protection. A gangmaster is person who is responsible for the payment and supervising of a whole group of workers. While some gangmasters behave decently, others have been identified as the cause of serious jobs. Anderson and Rogaly ( 2005 ) have found that the employment relationship can be earnestly confused in the instance where migrators are employed through gangmasters. Surveies of gangmasters have found that merely 10 % of them follow the jurisprudence on employment and 40 % were interrupting the jurisprudence in at least six di fferent ways ( Lawrence, 2004 ) . To try to battle some of these jobs the Gangmasters ( Licensing ) Act 2004 introduced excess protection for those working in the piscaries and agricultural sectors. This purported to present the condemnable offense of undertaking with gangmasters who had non followed the proper licensing processs. These licensing processs are an effort to look into bureaus and gangmasters follow the proper employment processs such as making the relevant wellness and safety criterions. The Act has been badly criticised, nevertheless, as since it came into force the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs ( DEFRA ) has been really slow to pull up the ordinances. Besides, since the ordinances have been drawn up it has become clear that the original powers of the Act have been significantly reduced ( Davies A ; Freedland, 2007 ) . One of the clearest ways in which this legal protection is limited is that it merely doesn’t cover the huge bulk of migratory workers, who work in industries other than agribusiness or piscaries. But even in the industries that it does cover, there is a degree of agnosticism about whether it will do a immense impact ( McKay et al. , 2006 ) . Employers pointed out that the existent criterions required in the licensing were comparatively low and that much more rigorous steps need to be put in topographic point. The coverage of the system across the state besides appears to be patchy. There was grounds that gangmasters had moved from one portion of the state to another in order to avoid ordinance. In add-on, many felt that the audit itself did n’t look excessively closely into the existent yesteryear working patterns of the gangmasters and bureaus themselves. Finally, there were besides inquiries about how good these new Torahs would be enforced. Decision The motivations for migration appear to be strong in the current labor market state of affairs: globalization, accomplishment deficits and the sheer handiness of certain occupations in the UK mean that migratory workers are in demand. Changes to in-migration policies have meant that there are now a assortment of strategies available for migratory workers to come to the UK. Overall the point should be made that the consequence of migration on both the host and place states is likely positive. Unfortunately it has become clear, due to recent surveies, that a important proportion of migratory workers, peculiarly those working in low-paid, low-skilled businesss, are being exploited. This development appears to run right from the simple bending of regulations to the complete flouting of standard UK employment patterns. Both Health and Safety and TUC probes have uncovered serious defects in the intervention of migratory workers. New regulations have been introduced by Gangmasters ( Licensi ng ) Act 2004 to seek and control the illegal patterns of gangmasters and bureaus. Despite this, and despite the immature age of the statute law, these regulations have been roundly criticised for neglecting to supply equal protection for migratory workers. Not least of these unfavorable judgment is that the statute law does n’t cover the bulk of migratory workers. Clearly much greater degrees of ordinance are required to protect those migratory workers who are at the highest hazard of being exploited in the UK labor market. How to cite migrant workers in UK, Essay examples

Why Art free essay sample

The wind is blowing outside of my dorm room right now. From my vantage point I can look into my roommate’s mirror and see a tree branch gracefully swaying by the force of nature’s breath. The sun is streaming through the open blinds, basking my roommate’s bed in heat while mine is shrouded in the shadows of our small dorm room. On the wall behind her bed the sun reflects off of a mirror and throws itself to the wall turning the white cinder blocks a jaundiced shade of yellow. I live in a dorm room, in a boarding school in Indiana, and my room is my studio. Photography is my passion. When I look through the viewfinder of my camera the imaginary worlds I create in my mind come to life. Most children stop creating imaginary worlds when they are still small, I was not one of those children. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Art? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My imagination has followed me throughout middle school and high school. It now has such a strong hold on me that I need an outlet, such as photography, to set my imagination free. When I do not photograph, my mind circles around me and I’m literally silenced by the magnitude of thoughts running through my head. Photography gives me the ability to show the world the inner workings of my mind. Images constantly fill my thoughts until one by one I am able to photograph them and set their souls free. Art is not only a creative outlet for me its also my form of self-expression, being quiet by nature I rely on art to speak for me. My photographs are all small pieces of myself. Through each piece of art I create I strive to show the world a part of my soul. My vulnerability cloaks my photographs like a dark shadow. Without a part of myself in my photos, my photos are pointless and in turn so is my art. To look at my photographs is comparable to looking into the murky color of my i rises and staring directly into my mind. The reason I create art is to try and allow the outside world a window to understand me, in hopes that someday I will be able to fully understand myself. The sun is setting outside my window. The once yellowed walls are now taking on an orange tint as the sun draws closer to the earth’s horizon. Small particles of dust float through the room, streams of light hit them while they gracefully swim through the thick air. Without art my eye wouldn’t catch these details of life. Art gives meaning to life by allowing everyone to stop what he or she is doing and notice the beauty of the ordinary things surrounding him or her.

Sample of Cdr Templet free essay sample

Objective Seeking a professional position in the field of electrical power engineering utilizing my technical and commercial experience and interpersonal skills, I prefer working in an innovative environment with possibility of further career development. Education University degree: Bachelor of science, Electrical power and machines section, Ain Shams University, June 1999 Overall grade: Good Project grade: Distinction Position: 17th of the successful students totalling (231) Current job since December 2004 Working for XXXXXXXX- DUBAI UAE as a senior projects engineer in the project Management Department, covering Gulf countries (UAE, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman and Bahrain). Where my achievements and accountabilities are: ? Participated in establishment and development of the projects department (consultation business) in Schneider Electric Gulf. Prepared technical and commercial offers for the projects (MV, LV and packages) in different market segments. ? Strongly provided technical and commercial support to Schneider’s sales force in Gulf countries and to our agents to facilitate optimum positioning of Schneider Electric‘s offer in their Markets. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample of Cdr Templet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? Developed the technical tender response, in cooperation with the sales team, taking into consideration the customer needs, and managed to optimise the proposals in terms of competitive positioning to the customer which lead to profitability to the company. Followed up the contracts closely on regular basis to ensure registered margin, to meet contractual deadlines and to ensure delivery of correct equipment in accordance to customer’s requirements in time. ? Conducted and developed excellent relations with the customers. ? February 2004 – November 2004 Working for xxxxxxx (Industrial Solutions and Services ) as a projects engineer , (CLIENT : BECHTEL Houston) in the LNG project ( liquefaction of Natural gas) ,and my accountabilities and achievements were: ? Responsible for all Bechtel’s automation tools (Setroute software and 3D Model) to achieve full co-ordination and compliance with Bechtel’s requirements as well as their reporting systems. ? Succeeded to propose optimal means to reduce equipment (materials and tools) and productivity costs. ? Provided technical support to all departments involved in the construction cycle to achieve customer satisfaction, also handling all customer’s modifications and reporting their relevant cost and delay impacts. Managed to provide solutions (drawings, BOQ, calculation notes, reports) for all electrical systems as electrical raceways, cables, lighting, earthing and switchgears. Experience This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. August 2001 to February 2004 Working for xxxxxx as a senior projects engineer in the project Management Departme nt, in the Industry, oil and gas and export Sectors (Gulf countries and East Mediterranean and south America). Where my achievements and accountabilities are ? ? ? ? ? ? Prepared technical and commercial offers for the projects in the industry, oil and gas market Segment as well as for all export jobs. Provided technical and commercial support to Schneider’s sales offices in Gulf and East Med. and to our agents to facilitate optimum positioning of Schneider Electric Egypt’s offer in their Markets. Prepared strong competing promotional and pre-qualifications files in order to penetrate new markets and to be added to suppliers lists for the huge companies in the oil and gas field in the Gulf. Responsible for achieving the annual sales budget (order intake) for the export accounts. Followed up the contracts closely on regular basis to meet contractual deadlines and to ensure delivery of correct equipment in accordance to customer’s requirements in time. Identified discrepancies between registered and actual margins, rationalized causes, and proposed improvements in the contractual process. Promoted and used standard solutions studied by the technical department to reduce production time and cost ? 12th of September 1999 to 1st of August 2001 Working for xxxxxxx as a design engineer in the design and standardisation Department where my achievements were: ? Designed Medium voltage, low voltage, power factor correction switchgears and Motor control centres (MCCs) ? Contributed to the development of optimal and economical solutions in the offer and order stage of different projects to comply with the requirements of the customer and to the international norms and standards. ? Studied and designed contracts requiring high technical knowledge to produce documents (drawings, bill of materials, calculation notes, studies and manuals) needed for the customer as well as for the manufacturing cycle. Succeeded to propose optimal means to reduce equipment and productivity costs. ? Provided technical support to all departments involved in the industrial cycle to achieve customer satisfaction. ? Managed to provide standard solutions (drawings, BOQ, programs) to be used by the company for future contracts completion. ? Resolved the non-conformities. Technical training Summer 1998 At Landis Staefa (Petrokima): included training on electrical panels m anufacturing Landis Staefa controls, and participated in some running tenders (The Meredian extension project). h th ? 15 of March to 15 of June 2000: Participated in the NRTP training program at Schneider Electric Egypt: Included training in different departments (technical office, Project Management, procurement, Quality control Department, the L. V. M. V. workshops, the sales division). ? ? This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. Software skills Microsoft office including Excel, Word, Access and power point. Haendel (Schneider’s professional drawing program). Worked intensively on professional softwares used in programming Modicon PLCs and Schneider’s microprocessor based digital multifunctional relays (Sepam range) ? ? ? ? Arabic: mother tongue English: fluent French: Fair Spoken Languages Other courses Interpersonal and soft skills as Communication skills, problem solving and decision making, negotiation skills, trainings were given by PSDP European Management Centre, held in 2001 2003. Skills and affiliations References Personal data ? Practicing sports, traveling and reading. ? References are available upon request ? ? ? ? ? Full name: xxxxx xxxxx Date of Birth: xxxxxxxx Nationality: xxxxxxxxx Marital status: Single Military Service: exempted This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. Career Episode -1 Duration : Name of employer: Designation: From October 1999 to July 2001 xxxxxx , EGYPT Electrical Design Engineer/ Project Engineer INTRODUCTION xxxxxx Egypt. s one of the best-known multinational companies and a market leader in the field of electrical equipment. The core business undertaken by the company are Electrical Engineering projects, including manufacturing, supplying, installation, commissioning and testing of electrical equipment, low voltage and medium voltage equipment, as well as control systems. 1. 1 I had the opportunity to join xxxxxx right after my graduation a s an Electrical Engineer. I had already completed the 5year full-time course in Bachelor of Electrical Engineering in Ain Shams University. The first year of the course included some papers in Mathematics, and also provided a basic knowledge of physical sciences underpinning Engineering, mechanics, and chemistry. It also provided an overview of other disciplined of Engineering. The later years concentrated more particularly on the various aspects of Electrical Engineering. Of special interest to were some papers on Electrical Machines (I and II). Included in this was the design of various Electrical machines such as Motors, Generators etc. We had to design the shaft and rotor, calculate Input and Output values, losses, and so on for the machinery. I joined xxxxxx in 1999, which is one of the market leaders in electrical switchgear manufacturing. Initially I participated in a three month training called NRTP (New Recruits’ Training Program) during which I worked with different departments (sales, project management, design office, logistics, the workshop, and the site services) to have an indepth understanding of the nature of the work undertaken by the company. On the completion of my training period, I started my responsibilities as an Electrical Design Engineer and joined the company as a permanent employee. . 2 My main responsibilities were to design, issue bill of materials and drawings for low voltage and medium voltage switchgears as well as motor control centers (MCCs), and power factor correction for projects in all market segments. 1. 3 I will detail below one of the particular tasks I was in charge of as a design engineer. It was to standardize the use of electronic motor starters (soft starters) instead of co nventional star delta starter as a starting method for squirrel cage induction motors. 1. General information regarding the project: In general, the commonly used methods of motor starting are the following: direct on line starting, star delta starting, autotransformer starters. These are the conventional methods of motor starting which depend on contactors, bi-metallic thermal overload relays†¦etc. However, electronic starters, known as ‘soft starters’, with variable speed drives using power electronics technology are rapidly replacing the old conventional starters due to various advantages to the user as well as the ease in installation. The Objective of the project were: This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. ? ? ? ? Promote the soft starter product of xxxx – (Brand name is Telemecanique). Cost reduction of motor starters of small ratings up to 15 KW. Price reduction of the MCC panels (motor control centers) which are composed of these starters. Standardize the schematic/control drawings and bill of materials to reduce time and cost of design. 1. In addition to the three months training, I had another 3 days technical specialized training on soft starters conducted by the Product manager, I also carried out an in-depth study of all the relevant catalogues and technical documents. I was well prepared to take on the full responsibility for the assigned project. My job mainly involved the following: ? Prepare standard detailed material list (BOQ) for every standard motor r ating to include all the required components with their proper quantities and part Numbers (such as the Circuit breaker, soft starter, terminal blocks, selector switch and auxiliary control relays†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦etc). Design the schematic (control circuit) where I followed the concept of value engineering which involves providing necessary functions at lowest cost, and the identification and elimination of unnecessary costs. and I prepared the complete drawing for each motor rating. Calculate the cost saving in each motor rating by comparing the prices of the conventional starter components with the electronic motor starter components. Calculate the accurate space required for each motor starter in the panel for both cases (conventional and electronic). ? ? 1. 6 In 3 weeks time the initial study was complete, and I had the complete file ready including all the Bill of quantities and drawings to be used by all the designers in their different projects. 1. 7 As shown by the study, we achieved 13% cost saving as a result of using these starters, however we had two more challenges ahead, first to increase awareness of the consultants and end-users regarding the advantages of using the electronic start ers, and secondly to further increase the cost saving by 2 or 3 % more. . 8 I started collecting data from the marketing department regarding the approximate quantities of starters required annually, market price and details of main competitors. Based on these data, I started negotiation with our soft starter supplier in France trying to get the best transfer prices. 1. 9 In few months time I was able to get our first order for MCCs including soft starters, after several technical/commercial discussions with the consultant. It was for a pharmaceutical Co. During the execution of the job, I was responsible for following up the process in the workshop to ensure we are meeting the project requirements and IEC international standards. I instructed the technicians regarding all the required precautions and installation recommendations before they started the assembly. Assembly is carried out as per the following steps: This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. ) The switchgear enclosure assembly b) Installing the main horizontal bus bars c) Then the vertical bus bars. d) Fixing the metal sheet mounting plates. e) Fixing the functional units circuit breakers. f) Fixing the motor starters (soft starters). After the switchgear manufacturing was finished, I followed up the final quality control. I had to ensure compliance to the standards and specifications by: ? ? ? ? ? Visual inspection of the switchgear Checking the compliance with the shop drawings. Mechanical checking. Checking the wiring. Testing the sequence of operation (control circuits). I also attended the customer inspection in our factory. 1. 10 As the second phase of the project, I started coordinating with the logistics department to create all the data of the components on their system, including the part numbers, full technical description, transfer prices, and also to forecast annual consumption so that we can build effective stock, as per the forecasted requirements. 1. 11 I always ensure that the technical specifications were met and the technical data sheets were well prepared. By this technique cost over-runs can be eliminated and the smooth progress of work can be ensured. 1. 12 As the number of orders with soft starters started to increase, it became necessary to provide training to all the designers. I conducted technical training sessions for the staff of the design office. As a result, the technical competency within our design team increased, and they became totally autonomous. 1. 13 We were able to achieve a high competency level internally in terms of designing, costing and logistics. I also provided technical support to the product manager and the sales force in the early bidding stages of the projects. Our team work was highly successful. Working on such a project was beneficial for me as I learnt a lot in terms of dealing with other departments, consultants and various major clients. I was able to overcome numerous problems arising on site. Solving the problems gave a boost to my managerial and technical skills in all aspects of designing, planning and execution of large projects. Working with this organisation This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. was an extremely rich experience for my career , I was able to understand Electrical Engineering in depth, and to apply what I had learnt in the work environment. Career Episode 2 Supply and commissioning of Electrical Engineering package for Gas production plant Name of employer: Duration: Designation: xxxxxxx, EGYPT FROM AUGUST 2001 TILL FEB 2004 Senior Project Engineer (Electrical) INTRODUCTION After working for almost two years in the design office in xxxx, I was selected to join the Project Management/ Operations Department in the designation of Senior Project Engineer. By this promotion , I was moving up in my career in Schneider Electric. The qualifications required for joining the Project Management Department included a minimum of 2 years of technical experience, and excellent communication and interpersonal skills since the nature of the job requires full interaction and coordination with all the internal departments, suppliers, clients and consultants. I joined the Project Management Department in August 2001, working mainly in the oil and gas, and export sectors. 2. 1 As described above it is a technical-commercial position. Since I already had good technical experience, I only had to enhance and strengthen my commercial / managerial capabilities. I was trained for one month on the different quotation tools, and financial aspects such as Letter of Credit, bank guarantees, logistics and incoterms. I also underwent some training courses to improve communication skills, negotiation skills, time management and problem solving capability. . 2 After one month’s training, I was quite ready and capable to take on my new challenge as a Project manager in the oil and gas market segment as well as for the export projects. In fact, the oil and gas sector is the most critical among all other market segments, since the oil and gas clients are all major international EPCs (Engineering, procurement and construction) including Bechtel, KBR, Technip. The nature of the oil and gas projects are of high technical specifications with strong safety and reliability requirements. 2. xxxxxx was invited for bidding in a major project for the supply of the complete electrical package. It was a targeted project for Schneider Electric, and we were very much interested in getting this prestigious project. 2. 4 I was appointed to handle this project in the tendering stage, and also in the order stage( in case of the project being awarded to our organization). This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. 2. General information on the project: The project was called Scarab Saffron development project for gas production, it was located in Idco – Alexandria – Egypt. The client was a consortium between ENPPI and Bechtel UK. The scope of the electrical package included supply, testing and co mmissioning of 3. 3KV Medium voltage switchgear, power transformers, Low voltage main distribution switchgears 4000A, LV MCCs (motor control centres), DC system (batteries and battery chargers), Bus duct, UPS and SCADA system (electrical distribution supervisory system), relay co-ordination and short circuit calculation studies. . 6 My main responsibility was divided into two main phases 1. Tendering phase: ? Study in depth the enquiry documents (technical and commercial). ? Finalize any clarifications on the tender documents with customer ? Prepare complete technical and commercial offer 2. Project Execution: ? Final negotiation of order commercial conditions. ? Contract review and acknowledgment ? Following up the project execution to meet the contractual obligations. ? Ensure achieving the registered gross margin and profitability for the company. Ensure high quality service for the customer and meeting the whole project schedule (the whole gas plant) and coordinating with differ ent suppliers in the project and with mechanical scope of the project. 2. 7 The main problem I was facing was that to remain competitive and win the contact for the project, and at the same time to fully comply with the specifications, keeping high quality in terms of reliability and safety (which can by no means be compromised in oil and gas industry). My only solution was the value engineering, exploring different alternatives to achieve required functions through the most cost effective ways. I started studying tender documents in details and clarified any vague points. Part of the ‘scope of work’ can be manufactured in our factory, and some equipment had to be sourced from different suppliers. I sent the request for quotations to the different suppliers, I evaluated their offers in co-ordination with our design engineers, held meetings with the suppliers to discuss their proposals and to try to optimize their offers. 2. I collected all the information on previous (similar) tenders, particularly regarding the prices of other competitors, and the main technical requirements. 2. 9 As a result, I was in a better position to set target prices for suppliers. 2. 10 Finally in 6 weeks time, and before the bidding closing date I was able, with the coordination of the design office and the sales department, to integrate a com petitive compliant technical and commercial offer for the complete electrical package. It was then reviewed and accepted by the top management prior to submitting the proposal. 2. 1 Proposals for all bidders went through technical evaluation by the client, and after three rounds of technical clarifications which took almost 2 months time, we were short listed as a technically successful bidder. 2. 12 During the technical evaluation rounds, we used one strong technical advantage in our offer which led to better positioning of our offer. This was the use of low voltage motor starters with coordination type 2. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. As per IEC standards, motor starters are classified into co-ordination type 1 and 2, They both protect people and property, however in co-ordination type 1 starter , when an electrical fault occurs due to a short circuit, the starter components have to be checked, and the circuit breaker or the contactors due to contacts welding has to be changed. In this case highly qualified maintenance staff are required. This also disrupts the continuity of service, which is very crucial in oil and gas industry, as time is needed to replace the defected components and put the starter into service again. While in co-ordination type 2, after an electrical fault occurs, the starter can be put into service again without changing any components, only slight welding of contacts might be required. Inmost cases, the fault can be easily cleared by switching on and off the contactor few times. The basic idea behind co-ordination type 2 starters is selecting an oversized contactor, and the combination of starter components (circuit breaker, contactor and overload relay) are all tested together in the manufacturer’s laboratories. So this type of coordination ensures continuity of service and does not require highly qualified technicians at site. We were offering motor starters of co-ordination type 2 to comply with the project requirements, and this was a great advantage which was not offered by all manufacturers. Then the commercial proposal was evaluated Schneider Electric Egypt was awarded this contract which was the biggest in 2003, and our combined efforts were greatly appreciated by the top management. The second bidder was 4% higher in price and the overall proposed delivery time was one month more . 2. 3 At this time I had to start the second phase which is the execution of the project. I started started by finalizing and acknowledging the purchase order. Kick-off meetings were held to start the process and I worked on getting the full technical documents and drawings approved. 2. 14 I conducted a site survey with our site services engineers so that to ensure proper coordination with the overall plant system such as civil works, mechanical works, and the environmental conditions of the plant, so we better understood the process of the plant, and were fully aware of the overall system. I also checked the overall plant completion schedule, so as to prioritize our deliveries to be in-line with the overall schedule requirements. 2. 15 During the course of the project execution, the client came up with some changes and modifications in the loads (motor ratings), which had some price and delivery impacts. I had a series of meetings with the client, and the rates and technical requirements for the variations were mutually agreed upon. 2. 16 One of technical difficulties we faced was that the client changed the electrical equipment arrangement in the electrical room. As a result the space reserved for the low voltage switchboard became insufficient, and at that time we were already in the final stage of manufacturing. The designed and approved length of the low voltage switchboard was 9900 mm, however after the change in arrangement of equipment , the available space was only 4800 mm , and the civil works and the openings in the concrete slabs had been done accordingly as per the initial design. Being in late stage of the project execution made the situation even worse. I has discussions with the client to sort out this issue. Then I had to study different solutions to comply with the available space. I had to re-design the switchboard, trying out different layouts and re-arranging the electrical component layout within the switchboard. I was also trying my best to keep the components which were already installed unchanged so as to minimize further work involved and the time required for modification. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. om – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. After 4 days of detailed study, I proposed to the customer a new layout, which was â€Å"U† shape. Also I had to change the switchboard to be of the rear connection type (cables to be connected from the rear of the panel) as this also helped in removing some of the cable ducts and hence reduce the overall width. The switchboard being a â€Å"U† shape requires 2 additional cubicles (corners) which required special design as the bus bar rating was high, 4000A. Finally, this proposal was approved by the customer, however the only remaining problem was that the time required to manufacture these 2 additional cubicles (corners) was 2 months, while delivery of the switchboard was supposed to be in 5 weeks time. So we proposed that we would deliver the switchboard partially, meaning that all the columns/cubicles will be delivered as a first batch to allow the contractor to start fixing the panels and to start cable termination, while the 2 additional corners will be supplied as a second batch. I also agreed to send our services engineer to ensure proper integration and installation of the complete switchboard at site. Also the contractor had to modify the civil works as per our recommendations. 2. 17 I attended all the witnessed FAT (factory acceptance tests), only minor modifications were required, some of these were rectified in the factory, and some others were cleared at site after delivery. 2. 18 I supervised the site activities which included the commissioning, testing and start- up of all the supplied equipment as well as testing the interface with the over-all site control system. . 18 Working on such a project for almost one and half year throughout the project life cycle has enhanced both my engineering and management skills to a great extent. It has provided me with varied experience in all aspects of project management. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for thos e looking to make the move down under. Career Episode -3 Establishing Projects management Department in the GULF region Period : Since 26th December 2004 till present Name of employer: xxxxxxx – DUBAI Designation : Senior Project Engineer (Electrical) INTRODUCTION 3. 1 xxxxxxxx is one of the major entities of the corporate organisation, keeping xxxxxx as the market leader for Low voltage and medium voltage products in the Gulf. It is also considered as one of the fastest growing subsidiaries of Schneider Electric world-wide in terms of revenue and profitability. In line with the fast growing economy and business in the gulf region, especially Dubai and Qatar, the management decided to cope with this dynamic market by bringing expertise from different Schneider entities to build a projects consultation centre (Projects Management Team). I consider it as my greatest career opportunity to be the first to join this newly created department , and play a role in establishing this type of projects business in the region, utilizing my six years of experience in Schneider Egypt. 3. I started my new position on 26th December 2005 as a Senior Projects Engineer in the projects Department which we called ‘Local Consultation Centre. 3. 3 The project management department is responsible for: ? ? ? ? Study of tenders in depth (technically and commercially). Promote Schneider’s standard solutions and packages and better position schneider’s offer in the market. Prepare technical and commercial offers for projects electrical package. Proje cts execution and follow up ensuring delivery of correct equipment on time and meeting all contractual terms. Ensure achieving the registration margins, profitability for the company. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. In addition to the above, my responsibilities included setting up the system in terms of forms, documentation, process, interface with other departments, suppliers and customers, as well as building a central database for all Gulf projects. 3. 4 In a very short time, (three months time) we were successful to win our first big project . Project Information †¢ †¢ †¢ a) b) c) d) e) f) g) Project : Al Ain Air College – District cooling plant. Customer : SNC-Lavalin Tabreed Scope of Schneider: Supply, testing, commissioning and start-up of the electrical equipment package comprising: 11KV Metal clad switchgear, with SF6 circuit breaker, 1250A, 25KA/3sec, IP41. 3. 3KV Metal clad switchgear with SF6 CB, 2500A, 25KA /3sec, IP41. Cast resin Power transformers 11KV/3. 3KV, 7MVA Cast resin Distribution transformers 11KV/0. 4KV, 2. 8MVA 3. 3KV Soft starters for chillers. LV/LV isolating transformers. Relay co-ordination study. 3. 5 At the beginning of the project I conducted 3 kick-off meetings with the client to figure out the real needs of the whole district cooling plant project as an over-all system, so that we provide the appropriate scheme and control system, in terms of power demand , ensuring proper sizing of all equipment including current transformers, circuit breakers and bus bars. We also had to prepare the completion schedule, ensuring we are in line with the overall system progress. We also confirmed the environmental data of the site which is located in Al-Ain in UAE, to make sure we are providing the appropriate equipment degree of protection IP, to provide anti-condensate heaters for humid conditions, to apply adequate de-ration factors for bus bars and circuit breakers in case of high ambient conditions (which is the case in this part of the world). 3. 6 The real difficulty, risk and challenge I was facing was our limited capabilities in terms of resources, tools and effective set- up since we were in the beginning stages of operation. I had only two engineers and a draftsman at that time, and we had to do the engineering drawings, BOQ, calculation notes and all technical documentation submittals; project contractual follow up, handling modifications by advising technical feasibility and their relevant commercial impacts on price and the delays involved. We also had to look into logistics issues such as following up with suppliers (in France and USA) and the forwarder. We also followed up financial aspects as invoicing, receivables and monitoring our margins. 3. The project execution period was approximately ten months, during this period the management was strongly supporting us to overcome any obstacles, and a real team work was taking place to secure the contract. I was very closely following with our suppliers in France, guiding them especially in the technical issues and ensuring that they meet the contractual dates. 3. 8 Our project scope was mainly divided into two major phases: a) Supply of the equipments t o the site. b) Site activities (supervision on installation, commissioning and start up). This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. om – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. After completion of the first phase, we started preparations in advance for the second phase by mobilization at project site, arranging for the tools and equipment necessary for testing. One of the main activities during commissioning is the setting of all the protective relays according to the relay coordination study that are prepared. I had to overcome a critical problem in this stage, which was the lack of upstream electrical network data and difficulty of achieving selectivity. The purpose of the relay co-ordination study is to achieve selectivity (discrimination) between different levels of the network, to ensure continuity of service and reliability. In other words, it is to set the protection relays with fault values and time values in such a way as to ensure that in case of any electrical fault , the closest circuit breaker feeding the fault will trip not the main upstream breaker, thus we can isolate the faulty section without interfering with other loads in the network. We needed the settings and type of curve of the existing upstream relay so that we can carry out the coordination study, but the client and AADC (AL Ain distribution company), confirmed that these data and documents are not available and that the upstream relay is an old fashion electro-mechanical relay supplied more than 20 years ago. I checked the upstream existing switchgear at site to get the exact type and model of the relay as well as the settings, and later with very much difficulty I found the curve characteristics on the internet. Then came the main problem, when it was found out that according to the information of the upstream relay it was impossible to achieve co-ordination since the upstream over current and time settings were very low. Initially we requested AADC to check the possibility of changing the upstream settings to the required settings. However, after they checked the complete upstream network they came back to us confirming that it is not possible to make any changes. It was a serious problem especially since the project start-up date was planned to be within a months’ time. It was quite obvious that the current or time selectivity cannot be achieved, so I was looking for an alternative solution, and after few days of checking the detailed technical manuals and catalogues of our microprocessor protective multifunction relays Sepam ( Merlin Gerin type), and the schematic drawings, I found that we can achieve logic discrimination between our provided 11Kv and 3. 3KV switchgears, since this feature is available in our provided relays. When a downstream relay senses a fault it will give a blocking digital input signal to the upstream relay to delay its tripping for an adjustable time, which is sufficient to let the downstream relay trip and isolate the fault. This solution was an alternative solution to the normal (commonly used) time and current discrimination. 3. 9 All site work was carried out in full co-ordination with different suppliers , such as chiller suppliers and generator suppliers, and the plant was successfully energized. 3. 10 Finally the project was completed and handed over to the client. The realized margin was in line with our targeted margin at the beginning of the project. Commissioning reports were also prepared and analysed for possible ways of improvement. It is also submitted to the Management for their reference, review and comments about improvement opportunities, if any. 3. 11 This project success was the main trigger and motivation for the company to decide increasing the resources and capabilities immediately to cope with the unbelievable fast moving business cycle in UAE. It was also decided to increase the scope of our activity to include supplying EMCS (energy management and control system) in 2006. This Free CDR Template is brought to your courtesy of gettingdownunder. com – Free Australian Immigration advice and resources for those looking to make the move down under. 3. 12 Working on this project was of great importance for me, since I had the chance to go through the whole cycle, preparing the quotation, negotiating the offer, awarding of contract, and execution of work at project site. During my career, I always ensure that my work is professional and ethical. 3. 13 In addition to this project, we also managed to win few more projects. Our internal set-up is now organized. CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Trainings: Summer 1998 At Landis Staefa (Petrokima): included training on electrical panels manufacturing Landis Staefa controls, and participated in some running tenders (The Meredian extension project). 15th of March to 15th of June 2000: Participated in the NRTP training program at Schneider Electric Egypt: Included training in different departments (technical office, Project Management, procurement, Quality control Department, the L. V. M. V. workshops, the sales division). Courses undergone: Microsoft office including Excel, Word, Access and power point.

Level of Significance in Hypothesis Testing

Level of Significance in Hypothesis Testing Hypothesis testing is a widespread scientific process used across statistical and social science disciplines. In the study of statistics, a statistically significant result (or one with statistical significance) in a hypothesis test is achieved when the p-value is less than the defined significance level. The p-value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic or sample result as extreme as or more extreme than the one observed in the study whereas the significance level or alpha tells a researcher how extreme results must be in order to reject the null hypothesis. In other words, if the p-value is equal to or less than the defined significance level (typically denoted by ÃŽ ±), the researcher can safely assume that the observed data are inconsistent with the assumption that the null hypothesis is true, meaning that the null hypothesis, or premise that there is no relationship between the tested variables, can be rejected. By rejecting or disproving the null hypothesis, a researcher is concluding that there is a scientific basis for the belief is some relationship between the variables and that the results were not due to sampling error or chance. While rejecting the null hypothesis is a central goal in most scientific study, it is important to note that the rejection of the null hypothesis is not equivalent to the proof of the researcher’s alternative hypothesis. Statistical Significant Results and Significance Level The concept of statistical significance is fundamental to hypothesis testing. In a study that involves drawing a random sample from a larger population in an effort to prove some result that can be applied to the population as a whole, there is the constant potential for the study data to be a result of sampling error or simple coincidence or chance. By determining a significance level and testing the p-value against it, a researcher can confidently uphold or reject the null hypothesis. The significance level, in the simplest of terms, is the threshold probability of incorrectly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is in fact true. This is also known as the type I error rate. The significance level or alpha is therefore associated with the overall confidence level of the test, meaning that the higher the value of alpha, the greater the confidence in the test. Type I Errors and Level of Significance A type I error, or an error of the first kind, occurs when the null hypothesis is rejected when in reality it is true. In other words, a type I error is comparable to a false positive. Type I errors are controlled by defining an appropriate level of significance. Best practice in scientific hypothesis testing calls for selecting a significance level before data collection even begins. The most common significance level is 0.05 (or 5%) which means that there is a 5% probability that the test will suffer a type I error by rejecting a true null hypothesis. This significance level conversely translates to a 95% level of confidence, meaning that over a series of hypothesis tests, 95% will not result in a type I error.

A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay Example for Free (#13)

A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay ? We watched two different versions of Shakespeare’s ‘A Midsummer Nights Dream’. The first version we watched was from the BBC. This version showed the dream world mixed in with reality, which was quite good. The second version of this play was by channel 4. This was a little less detailed as it showed the forest with lights hanging down. The accents of the actors in the first version were hard to understand because they were from all over England. The first version was also hard to understand because the actors did not use very good body language. The first version also good in the way that it made its forest so life like, well as in the second version it was plain and had doorways in the middle from where people came from. The language use was easier to understand than the second version because the actors used more present English rather than old Shakespeare language. I think that the second version we watched was more suited to children rather than adults because it contained childish humour. When Puck gave Bottom a donkeys head it looked quite unrealistic in the first version because it looked like a rabbit. In the second version Bottoms ass head was good because it actually looked a little realistic. In the second version when Bottom and Titania fell in love, I think they went a bit over the top with the love scene. The first version of the play showed the dream world mixed with reality because Puck made it easy to see who was in the dream world and who wasn’t. The strange thing about the second version was having the little boy as a narrator. I think that may confuse people because they have now added another world to the whole story. There is now reality in the film, the dream world and reality in our world. When the first version showed the play by Bottom and his friends it seemed unpracticed and shabby. The second play showed a little humour by adding people forgetting their lines and the good roaring by the lion. They actually performed on a stage which was more appropriate for the occasion. In the first version they had to perform on the floor. If the actors were performing in front of a Duke and a Duchess then the performers should be given a proper performing stage. I think the second version of the play was by far the best because it had better acting and it showed some humour. In the first version I did not like it how the audience could sense the presence of the dream world. After Bottom and his friends had acted I did not understand why Puck had led all of the fairies through the corridors of the house. I think I prefer the second version of the play because I think it is more suited to my age group and plus I understood it a lot better than the first version. This is because it used present English and it used better body language. A Midsummer Nights Dream. (2017, Jul 12).

FINAL EXAM # 3 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FINAL EXAM # 3 - Assignment Example The Civil Rights Movement is said to be the basis of Black Power Movement and the Black movement started because the youth section of the black community believed that change through reform was very slow and revolt was the way to attain rapid change. Different theorists believe that there was no Black Power Movement and there only existed a Civil Rights Movement and the rest believe otherwise. Both the movements were quite different from each other but had certain similarities. The main difference between the two movements was that the Black Power Movement aimed at achieving the right for the blacks to determine their own future while the Civil Rights Movement promoted the goal of achieving integration of both the blacks and the whites. Second difference is that the Black Power Movement became a global movement for rights of the minorities and did not remain at the local level as in the case of Civil Rights Movement. The tool that was used to bring change through the Black Power Movement was revolution and in case of Civil Rights Movement the tool was reforms (Ezra 2009, 66). One of the most prominent differences between both the Movements was the Black Power one was violent in nature and the Civil Rights One was nonviolent. The main reason due to which both the movements started was to bring an end to the oppression that was being experienced by the blacks and due to this both the movements were led by black individuals. Both the movements even had the same aim of attaining an end to the discriminatory practices that were being carried out against the blacks (Joseph 2006, 48). The two main outcomes of the Civil Rights Movement was the enactment of the Civil Rights Act as well as the Voting Rights Act which were enacted within a difference of one year (Joseph 2006, 30 & 48). The Civil Rights Act helped the blacks in their struggle as that act restricted discrimination

Special Educational Journal Research Paper Essay

Special Educational Journal Research Paper - Essay Example Issues in judgment and evaluation Efficacy of no detention policyFocus on exceptional approaches should be applied for teaching and learning Society should take active participation in the improvement of schools and its practicesChange in the teaching-learning method and the provision of multi-level teaching-learning in different subjects in primary schools should incorporated Approaches to teaching and learning should be different and easy to learn pedagogy should be culturally specific Creativeness should be nourished and development should be cognitiveEmerging needs of the society and education SECONDARY EDUCATION Identification and nurturance of competent ideas in different subject areas in varied classes at different level Ultimate methods of learning to learn new things Integration of skills needed to life should be incorporated into curriculum, textbooks, instructional materials and teaching-learning and evaluation process Identification of suitable grade/class for introduction of second language on the basis of analysis of linguistic situation in the state and or state needs Identification of class/grade/stage at which Hindi/English should be introduced on a compulsory basis as second language and the period for which these should be taught Formulation of State specific plans concerning identification of class/grade in upper primary stage from which third language should be introduced Making curriculum indigenous/culture specific/contextual Developing remedial instruction in different subject areas Development of concepts related to sustainable development and integration in curriculum, textbooks and instructional materials with other subjects and lifePolicy studies in science education... Clark, C. M. (Ed.). (2001). Talking shop: Authentic conversation and teacher learning. New York: Teachers College. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from http://convention.allacademic.com/aera2004/view_paper_info.htmlpub_id=939&part_id1=23267 Cole, A. L., & Knowles, J. G. (2000). Researching teaching: Exploring teacher development through reflex inquiry. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Hopkins, D., & Stern, D. (1996). International perspectives and policy implications. Teaching and Teacher Education. Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Nuthall, G. A. (2001). The cultural myths and the realities of teaching and learning. In L. Livingstone (Ed.), New Zealand Annual Review of Education, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from Robinson, V. (1998). Methodology and the research-practice gap. Educational Researcher, Retrieved 15 October 2006, from

Goals and Objectives Essay Example for Free

Goals and Objectives Essay Goal 1: Analyzing consumer awareness of health juice. Objectives: We will provide a clear idea regarding the customers awareness towards the health juice as well as towards different variety of fruits. The customers awareness to create a demand towards our product. Goal 2: Understanding the individual’s demographic profile of consumer. Objectives: The customer acceptance depends upon the knowledge for the variety fruit in the surrounding that they have gained their maturity level during growth of the age. The age factor is an important factor to know product demand for a particular age group. So, the interest can be made to motivate those age groups for buying our product. Goal 3: Identifying of influencing factor of purchase. Objectives: Based on our survey, some of the general reasons like variety of fruits, price, topping and packaging appearance will affected customers purchasing power. Thus, the influencing factor of purchasing power makes a producer understand the consumer’s need and services. Goal 4: Analyzing consumer buying behaviour and demand. Objectives: The buying behaviour of is an important parameter which consists of customer preference. The demand of this activity can be known from the customer’s buying pattern and parameters that he considers during buying a health juice like quantity, price, packaging appearance and delivery mode. The demand also depends upon some of the others factors like purchasing power population, promotion activities of product in this activity. Goal 5: Satisfying consumer’s benefit. Objectives: Customer is giving a wide choice of different fruits. We are providing a variety of different fruits for customer to choose. As sugary soft drinks are low in nutritional level, we can persuade the customer to recover our health juice which can satisfy their needs a healthy and long lasting energy drinks. So, customer will be evaluating the level of satisfaction that they received. All of the product will be priced fairly. Mission Our mission is to provide the highest-quality of health juice. We tend to attract customers through selling health juice. When we are adhering to this maxim, everything else will fall into place. Our services will exceed the expectations of the customers.

Kate Chopins Desirees Baby :: Desirees Baby by Kate Chopin

Desiree's Baby is a short story written by Kate Chopin. It is set in 19th century Louisiana. The story starts with Madame Valmonde going to visit Desiree and her baby. She thinks back on her memories of Desiree as a baby: "It made her laugh to think of Desiree with a baby. Why it seemed but yesterday that Desiree was little more than a baby herself." This quote tells us two things. The first is that Madame Valmonde must have known Desiree as a child and is either a close family friend of even a member of the family herself. The second thing is that Desiree is young. The word "baby" could either mean childlike or physically young. Desiree seemed to be a normal child and had had a normal childhood. The third paragraph tells us more about Desiree's background: "She had been purposely left by a band of passing Texans." This makes us think that she he had been abandoned at a very young age outside Madame Valmonde ´s home. We can also tell from paragraph five that "She was nameless." No one knew what her name was or what her family background was like. It was all a rumour. Eighteen years after this, Armand Aubigny fell in love with Desiree. From the fifth paragraph of the first page we can tell that Armand was very proud of his family name. "What did it matter about a name when he could give her one of the oldest and proudest in Louisiana?" This is a very old fashioned point of view. To Armand, his name was everything. There is a very strong social contrast between the nameless Desiree and Armand. Signs of racism become apparent in the book on page 67: "Young Aubigny ´s rule was a strict one, too, and under it his Negroes had forgotten how to be happy." Armand must have treated them very harshly and made them unhappy. His home is described as being sad looking and quite dreary. The second paragraph of page 67 gives the reader a description of the type of home Armand owns. There are muslins, a couch decorated with laces, there are also slaves. Madame Valmonde ´s first reaction to the baby was one of shock and astonishment: "This is not the baby!" Theoretically this isn't very significant because babies tend to grow very quickly and their outward appearance can change very fast. The eighth paragraph on this page gives us a hint at why Madame ValmondÃÆ' © was so startled when she first saw the baby. "Madame Valmonde had never removed her eyes from the child. She lifted it and walked with it over to the window

A Review of Literature on Juvenile Delinquency Essay

Article: Depression and delinquency covariation in an accelerated longitudinal sample of adolescents. The most common co-occurring mental health disorder for juveniles is depression and delinquent behaviors. Juvenile depression symptoms were used to predict patterns of age related changes in delinquency. Juveniles especially females who display depressive symptoms are at greater risk of developing and or partaking in delinquent behaviors. Approximately 76% of cases brought to the juvenile courts in the United States of America are adjudicated delinquent. In the United State of America approximately 1,660,700 juveniles are adjudicated delinquent in 2004. Between 40 and 60 percent of juveniles are maltreated. 5-10% of juveniles that have been diagnoses with depression have been found to be six times more likely to commit a delinquent act. 63% of the juveniles have experienced maltreatment in some way. ADHD has not been proven to cause juvenile delinquency. Juveniles that are delinquent have been found to have some type of childhood depression. These juveniles have serious mental help issues. Article: Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder There is a connection between juveniles with mental health disorders and delinquent behavior. A juvenile diagnosed with depression or bipolar is more likely to commit delinquent behavior. Professional adults who notice symptoms of depression, bipolar, and maltreatment in juveniles and then work with them in some cases can prevent the delinquent behavior. Top two main issues with juveniles are behavior and depression. Female have a higher increase with chances symptoms between the ages of 11-15. As aging happens males tend to have an increase of delinquency and females an increase of depression. Depression is a risk factor for juveniles that can increase delinquent behavior. Delinquent adolescents with mental health problems can suffer from the two most common issues depression and delinquent behavior/conduct. Genetic factors therefore account for approximately 35% of the relation between depressive and delinquency symptoms, but do not inform the temporal ordering of symptom presentation or the potential for using symptoms of one syndrome to predict future symptoms of the other. Specifically, males have the higher rate of reported delinquent behavior in comparison to females. Depression play a huge role in the possible purpose of juveniles becoming delinquent, when the juvenile(s) began to act disruptive on a routine then an evaluation and intervention should be considered. Article: Disentangling the relationship between child maltreatment and violent delinquency Physical abuse of children and or juveniles does not have an effect on whether or not the juvenile will display violent delinquency. Juveniles who have suffered from maltreatment or more likely to participate in violent delinquency. Females who have suffered from maltreatment are just as likely or more likely to participate in delinquent behavior then males. Signs of aggression before age 8-10 has shown higher rate of adult antisocial behavior. Sings of aggression between ages 5-7 is a prediction of frequent drug users. Over the years aggression is believed to stable. Ethnicity can play a role in the aggressiveness of juveniles/adults. Males have aggressive behavior which puts them a high risk for behavior problems, drug use, and delinquent behavior if not addressed. It is reported that there is a higher rate of males using substance from a two parent home, and a lower rate of males coming from a single-parent home. Article: Recidivism in subgroups of serious juvenile offenders: There are four different subgroups of juveniles that were looked at: Property offenders, sex offenders, serious violent offenders, and violent property offenders. Violent property offenders had the highest number of risk factors Recidivism of juveniles was looked at differently due to the low amount of recidivism there is in individuals who commit these crimes. Approximately 2.3 juveniles that are arrested are under the age of 18. 30-50% of juvenile offenders has a recorded disability and is at a higher chance of special education disability. Special education disability / socioeconomic status / criminality in family / and foster care are higher chance of being chronic  offenders in juveniles. Arrest before 14 years are less likely to become adult offenders later in life. The experience of being in a foster care increases the change of delinquency than a juvenile with no family felony. If the juvenile has a family history of criminal behavior the possibly is high that the juvenile will also carry the same behavior. Juvenile that is an offender tends to have more of a special education disability in comparison to someone who is not an offender. It is believed that socioeconomic status could be related to the juvenile offending. Juvenile Delinquency A number of juveniles displaying delinquent behaviors is incredibly high. As of 2001 the amount of individuals under the age of 18 arrested for violent crimes was approximately 2.3 million (Alltucker, Bullis, Close, & Yovanoff, 2006). What role does the environment play in the later juvenile delinquency, and can delinquency be prevented? This paper explores that question using three different themes. First, the various types of abuse and the effect on delinquency are discussed. Second, the link between depression and delinquency is examined. Finally, the importance of recognizing and preventing juvenile delinquency is addressed. Child Abuse and Subsequent Juvenile Delinquency In the United States there are approximately one million children per year are reportedly victims of child abuse. While there is a connection between physical abuse and later violent acts, the article by Yun, Ball, & Lim (2011), contends that sexual abuse and emotional neglect are more significant in predicting future violent and criminal behavior than physical abuse alone. Alltucker, et., al (2006) agree that sexual, physical, and emotional abuse all contribute to some form of delinquent behaviors in juveniles. The article by Mallet, Stoddard Dare, & Seck (2009) indicates that between 40 and 60 percent of sentenced delinquents have been abused or neglected in some form. However, victims of sexual abuse are not likely to become delinquent. It is clear from the literature that maltreatment of children in general has a negative effect on their development, but there is inconsistency in the research as to which form of abuse plays the most important role in delinquency. Depression and Delinquency Due to research increasing public awareness, symptoms of depression and other mental health issues are being noticed at a younger age. Young people displaying symptoms of depression are likely to experience academic problems as well as substance abuse issues. These are a few behaviors considered as delinquent. Depressed adolescents may express their frustrations through behaving aggressively and breaking the rules in their home environment. Consequently these behaviors cause conflict with parents or guardians and can eventually lead to involvement in delinquent acts. (Kofler, et al., 2011). Mallet, et al (2006) reported between 40 and 70 percent of incarcerated juvenile offenders suffered from emotional and behavioral problems prior to arrest. In fact, compared to general offenders, 46 percent of juvenile offenders are reported as having shown signs of depression or other emotional difficulties (Alltucker, et al., 2006). Symptoms of depression and delinquency covary and diagnoses co-occur often enough that it cannot be contributed to chance. Over 30 percent of young people meeting the criteria for depressive disorder also meet criteria for a conduct disorder. In addition, over 50 percent of adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder also exhibit the symptoms that meet criteria for depression (Kofler, et al., 2006). Identifying and Preventing Delinquency Being able to recognize who is at risk of delinquent behavior is the first step towards prevention. Identifying risk factors in children is imperative in preventing juveniles from becoming involved in the criminal justice system. Also, it enables practitioners and therapists to notice which children are most at risk and what type of measures are necessary in preventing delinquency (Mallet, et al., 2006). Intervening before the juvenile reaches the age of adulthood and becomes a chronic criminal is a major goal in place to protect the rest of society. One of the predictors of being a lifetime offender is what age the juvenile is upon his or her first arrest. In 2001, the amount of people arrested for violent crimes were under the age of 18 (Alltucker, et al., 2006). A review of an article by O’Donnell, Hawkins, & Abbott (1995) states there can be an early onset of aggression in children between the ages of 8-10. Aggression at this age puts the child at higher risk of severe juv enile delinquency and also  antisocial behavior in adulthood. Conclusion Upon reviewing the literature it is apparent that abuse, neglect, and mental health problems all play a role in juveniles becoming delinquent. Current research on this pressing and difficult issue is only a small portion of a vast range of theories about delinquency. Delinquency in juveniles is a dynamic, multifaceted problem with numerous potentially causal factors. References Alltucker, K. W., Bullis, M., Close, D., & Yovanoff, P. (2006). Different pathways to juvenile delinquency: Characteristics of early and late starters in a sample of previously incarcerated youth. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15(4), 479-492. Kofler, M. J., McCart, M. R., Zajac, K., Ruggiero, K. J., Saunders, B. E., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (2011). Depression and delinquency covariation in an accelerated longitudinal sample of adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(4), 458-469. Mallet, C. A., Stoddard Dare, P., & Seck, M. M. (2009). Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 22(2), 235-246. Yun, I., Ball, J. D., & Lim, H. (2011). Disentangling the relationship between child maltreatment and violent delinquency: Using a nationally representative sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(1), 88-110.